reading-notes

Git Intro

Source: Git Tutorial: A Comprehensive Guide

Notes

What is Git?

Snapshots

• Git is a Distributed Version Control System (DVCS)
• Creates a snapshot of a file every time you save it (commit)

Local Operations

• Git allows you to work via local resources, meaning you can continue to code even when not online or connected via a VPN
• Committed files can be uploaded to an online repository via the push command once connectivity is reestablished

Track Changes

• Git automatically tracks every single change that is made to a file or directory
• It will auto-detect if there is file corruption or loss of information during upload

Loss of Data

• Git reduces teh likelihood of data loss by via accidental deletion or due to transmission loss

States

• Modified
  • File has been changed, but not committed to the database
• Staged
  • File has been flagged for commitment in the next snapshot (git add)
• Committed
  • Data is securely stored in a local database (git commit)

Basic Git Commands

• Getting a File’s Status

$ git status

• Tracking & Staging New Files

$ git add filename (for a single file)
$ git add * (for all files in a repository)
$ git add . (for all files in a directory)

• Committing a File

$ git commit -m "comments on change" (this commits the current file)
$ git commit -a (commits all changes made to tracked files)

• Pushing Changes to Online Repository

$ git push origin master (will push to the master branch on repository on GitHub)

• Stashing Changes

  Used when you are not ready to commit changes, but do not want to lose them

$ git stash (temporarily removes changes and hides them, giving you a clean working directory)

$ git stash apply (retrieves hidden changes)

Remote Repositories

• Cloning Repositories

$ git clone https://github.com/YOUR-USERNAME/YOUR-REPOSITORY
(this will make a local copy of your Git repository)